1937 SENATE NEW SOUTH WALES 1,596,342 enrolled, 1,542,829 (96.6%) voted ==================================================================== Four senators to be elected -------------------------------------------------------------------- Stanley Amour ALP 672,566 47.8 Group A John Armstrong ALP 16,103 01.1 Thomas Arthur ALP 9,570 00.7 William Ashley ALP 13,489 01.0 James Arkins * UAP 613,849 43.7 Group B Hon David Hall UAP 13,585 01.0 Charles Hardy * CP 31,665 02.3 Basil Helmore UAP 16,515 01.2 Peter Pollack 18,646 01.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 136,841 (08.9%) informal 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. New South Wales elected four Senators because of the death of Lionel Courtenay, a long-term Senator, in 1934. The fourth Senator elected filled the remainder of Courtenay's term. 2. The combined UAP-CP vote was 48.1% 3. The combined ALP vote was 50.7% 4. Hall was MHR for Nepean 1906-12. 5. The order of groups on the ballot paper was determined at this time by assigning numerical values to the initials of candidate¼s surnames. By selecting four candidates with surnames beginning with A the ALP was assured of first place and thus of the „donkey vote.¾ This episode led to the introduction of ballot order determined by lot. These four Senators were known for the rest of their careers as „The Four As.¾ -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1st vacancy, 2nd count: Arthur's 9,570 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- Amour 2,034 (21.3) 674,600 48.0 Armstrong 4,013 (41.9) 20,116 01.4 Ashley 2,141 (22.4) 15,630 01.1 Arkins * 549 (05.7) 614,398 43.7 Hall 445 (04.6) 14,030 01.0 Hardy * 147 (01.5) 31,812 02.3 Helmore 148 (01.5) 16,663 01.2 Pollack 93 (01.0) 18,739 01.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 9,570 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1st vacancy, 3rd count: Hall's 14,030 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- Amour 532 (03.8) 675,132 48.0 Armstrong 253 (01.8) 20,369 01.4 Ashley 253 (01.8) 15,883 01.1 Arkins * 4,806 (34.3) 619,204 44.0 Hardy * 7,251 (51.7) 39,063 02.8 Helmore 706 (05.0) 17,369 01.2 Pollack 229 (01.6) 18,968 01.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 14,030 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1st vacancy, 4th count: Ashley's 15,883 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- Amour 2,909 (18.3) 678,041 48.2 Armstrong 9,231 (58.1) 29,600 02.1 Arkins * 2,806 (17.7) 622,010 44.2 Hardy * 544 (03.4) 39,607 02.8 Helmore 193 (01.2) 17,572 01.2 Pollack 200 (01.3) 19,168 01.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 15,883 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1st vacancy, 5th count: Helmore's 17,572 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- Amour 976 (05.6) 679,017 48.3 Armstrong 579 (03.3) 30,179 02.1 Arkins * 4,338 (24.7) 626,348 44.5 Hardy * 9,960 (56.7) 49,567 03.5 Pollack 1,709 (09.7) 20,877 01.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 17,572 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1st vacancy, 6th count: Pollack's 20,877 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- Amour 5,092 (24.4) 684,109 48.7 Armstrong 1,108 (05.3) 31,287 02.2 Arkins * 2,949 (14.1) 629,297 44.8 Hardy * 11,728 (56.2) 61,295 04.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 20,877 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1st vacancy, 7th count: Armstrong's 31,287 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR 27,354 (87.4) 711,463 50.6 ELECTED 1 Arkins * 2,628 (08.4) 631,925 44.9 Hardy * 1,305 (04.2) 62,600 04.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 31,287 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 2nd vacancy: Amour's 672,566 second preferences distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 Armstrong 662,829 (98.6) 678,932 48.3 Arthur 5,381 (00.8) 14,951 01.1 Ashley 1,806 (00.3) 15,295 01.1 Arkins * 1,148 (00.2) 614,997 43.7 Hall 577 (00.1) 14,162 01.0 Hardy * 324 (00.0) 31,989 02.3 Helmore 215 (00.0) 16,730 01.2 Pollack 286 (00.0) 18,932 01.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 672,566 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 2nd vacancy, 2nd count: Hall's 14,162 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 Armstrong 679 (04.8) 679,611 48.3 Arthur 256 (01.8) 15,207 01.1 Ashley 229 (01.6) 15,524 01.1 Arkins * 4,809 (34.0) 619,806 44.1 Hardy * 7,282 (51.4) 39,271 02.8 Helmore 680 (04.8) 17,410 01.2 Pollack 227 (01.6) 19,159 01.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 14,162 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 2nd vacancy, 3rd count: Arthur's 15,207 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 Armstrong 9,679 (63.6) 689,290 49.0 Ashley 3,359 (22.1) 18,883 01.3 Arkins * 1,186 (07.8) 620,992 44.2 Hardy * 552 (03.6) 39,823 02.8 Helmore 271 (01.8) 17,681 01.3 Pollack 160 (01.1) 19,319 01.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 15,207 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 2nd vacancy, 4th count: Helmore's 17,681 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 Armstrong 1,389 (07.9) 690,679 49.1 Ashley 279 (01.6) 19,162 01.4 Arkins * 4,322 (24.4) 625,314 44.5 Hardy * 9,984 (56.5) 49,807 03.5 Pollack 1,707 (09.7) 21,026 01.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 17,681 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 2nd vacancy, 5th count: Ashley's 19,162 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 ARMSTRONG 14,601 (76.2) 705,280 50.2 ELECTED 2 Arkins * 3,451 (18.0) 628,765 44.7 Hardy * 784 (04.1) 50,591 03.6 Pollack 326 (01.7) 21,352 01.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 19,162 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 3rd vacancy: Amour's 672,566 second preferences distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 ARMSTRONG E 16,103 01.1 ELECTED 2 Arthur 663,955 (98.7) 673,525 47.9 Ashley 4,734 (00.7) 18,223 01.3 Arkins * 1,840 (00.3) 615,689 43.8 Hall 761 (00.1) 14,346 01.0 Hardy * 517 (00.1) 32,182 02.3 Helmore 329 (00.0) 16,844 01.2 Pollack 430 (00.1) 19,076 01.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 672,566 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 3rd vacancy: Armstrong's 16,103 second preferences distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 ARMSTRONG E ELECTED 2 Arthur 11,288 (70.1) 684,813 48.7 Ashley 3,155 (19.6) 21,378 01.5 Arkins * 738 (04.6) 616,427 43.8 Hall 366 (02.3) 14,712 01.0 Hardy * 244 (01.5) 32,426 02.3 Helmore 141 (00.9) 16,985 01.2 Pollack 171 (01.1) 19,247 01.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 16,103 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 3rd vacancy, 2nd count: Hall's 14,712 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 ARMSTRONG E ELECTED 2 Arthur 933 (06.3) 685,746 48.8 Ashley 337 (02.3) 21,715 01.5 Arkins * 4,921 (33.4) 621,348 44.2 Hardy * 7,520 (51.1) 39,946 02.8 Helmore 738 (05.0) 17,723 01.3 Pollack 263 (01.8) 19,510 01.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 14,712 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 3rd vacancy, 3rd count: Helmore's 17,723 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 ARMSTRONG E ELECTED 2 Arthur 1,403 (07.9) 687,149 48.9 Ashley 308 (01.7) 22,023 01.6 Arkins * 4,309 (24.3) 625,657 44.5 Hardy * 9,993 (56.4) 49,939 03.6 Pollack 1,710 (09.6) 21,220 01.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 17,723 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 3rd vacancy, 4th count: Pollack's 21,220 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 ARMSTRONG E ELECTED 2 Arthur 5,468 (25.8) 692,617 49.3 Ashley 938 (04.4) 22,961 01.6 Arkins * 3,286 (15.5) 628,943 44.7 Hardy * 11,528 (54.3) 61,467 04.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 21,220 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 3rd vacancy, 5th count: Ashley's 22,961 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 ARMSTRONG E ELECTED 2 ARTHUR 18,393 (80.1) 711,010 50.6 ELECTED 3 Arkins * 3,433 (15.0) 632,376 45.0 Hardy * 1,135 (04.9) 62,602 04.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 22,961 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 4th vacancy: Amour's 672,566 second preferences distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 ARMSTRONG E 16,103 01.1 ELECTED 2 ARTHUR E 9,570 00.7 ELECTED 3 Ashley 665,220 (98.9) 678,709 48.3 Arkins * 4,094 (00.6) 617,943 44.0 Hall 1,169 (00.2) 14,754 01.0 Hardy * 728 (00.1) 32,393 02.3 Helmore 528 (00.1) 17,043 01.2 Pollack 827 (00.1) 19,473 01.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 672,566 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 4th vacancy: Armstrong's 16,103 second preferences distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 ARMSTRONG E ELECTED 2 ARTHUR E 9,570 00.7 ELECTED 3 Ashley 13,097 (81.3) 691,806 49.2 Arkins * 1,630 (10.1) 619,573 44.1 Hall 606 (03.8) 15,360 01.1 Hardy * 332 (02.1) 32,725 02.3 Helmore 204 (01.3) 17,247 01.2 Pollack 234 (01.5) 19,707 01.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 16,103 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 4th vacancy: Arthur's 9,570 second preferences distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 ARMSTRONG E ELECTED 2 ARTHUR E ELECTED 3 Ashley 7,256 (75.8) 699,062 49.7 Arkins * 1,102 (11.5) 620,675 44.1 Hall 614 (06.4) 15,974 01.1 Hardy * 239 (02.5) 32,964 02.3 Helmore 214 (02.2) 17,461 01.2 Pollack 145 (01.5) 19,852 01.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 9,570 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 4th vacancy, 2nd count: Hall's 15,974 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 ARMSTRONG E ELECTED 2 ARTHUR E ELECTED 3 Ashley 1,240 (07.8) 700,302 49.8 Arkins * 5,338 (33.4) 626,013 44.5 Hardy * 8,161 (51.1) 41,125 02.9 Helmore 890 (05.6) 18,351 01.3 Pollack 345 (02.2) 20,197 01.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 15,974 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 4th vacancy, 3rd count: Helmore's 18,351 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 ARMSTRONG E ELECTED 2 ARTHUR E ELECTED 3 Ashley 1,644 (09.0) 701,946 49.9 Arkins * 4,567 (24.9) 630,580 44.8 Hardy * 10,231 (55.8) 51,356 03.7 Pollack 1,909 (10.4) 22,106 01.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 18,351 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 4th vacancy, 4th count: Pollack's 22,106 votes distributed -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMOUR E ELECTED 1 ARMSTRONG E ELECTED 2 ARTHUR E ELECTED 3 ASHLEY 6,411 (29.0) 708,357 50.4 ELECTED 4 Arkins * 3,367 (15.2) 633,947 45.1 Hardy * 12,328 (55.8) 63,684 04.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------- > 22,106 1,405,988 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Ashley's term began 23 October 1937. Amour's Armstrong's and Arthur's terms began 1 July 1938. Amour, Armstrong and Arthur elected for a term ending 30 June 1944. Ashley elected for a term ending 30 June 1941 (remainder of Courtenay's term). Continuing senators (term to end 30 June 1941): Macartney ABBOTT (CP), Adam DEIN (UAP). -------------------------------------------------------------------- Arkins's term ended and Ashley's term began on 23 October 1937 because Arkins had been appointed to the remainder of Senator Thomas Courtenay's term in 1935. Since Courtenay's term was technically unexpired, Ashley was held to have replaced Arkins from the date of the election. -------------------------------------------------------------------- > Macartney Abbott (1877-1960): Elected 1934 > Stanley Kerrin Amour (1900-79): Elected 1937 Born: 2 April 1900, Hamilton, NSW Career: Educated Catholic schools. Insurance agent. Military Service 1915-17. > James Guy Dalley Arkins (1888-1980): Appointed 1935. Defeated 1937 Later career: NSW MLA for Dulwich Hill 1938-41 Died 2 August 1980 > John Ignatius Armstrong (1908-77): Elected 1937 Born: 6 July 1908, Sydney Career: Educated Catholic schools. Hotelier. Sydney City Council 1934-46. > Thomas Christopher Arthur (1884-1953): Elected 1937 Born: 1884, Forbes, NSW Career: Primary education. Miner. Official Miners Federation, organiser, Australian Workers Union. > William Patrick Ashley (1886-1958): Elected 1937 Born: 1886, Hay, NSW Career: Primary education. Military Service 1902. Tobacconist, Lithgow, NSW. Lithgow Council, mayor. > Adam Kemball Dein (1889-1969): Elected 1934 > Charles Hardy (1898-1941): Elected 1931. Defeated 1937 Later career: Co-ordinator of works, RAAF. Died 27 August 1941 --------------------------------------------------------------------